What is perimenopause?
Last updated September 3, 2026.
Perimenopause is the transition stretch before menopause: hormone production starts to fall and swing, periods turn irregular, and hot flashes, night sweats, and sleep problems often begin. It typically unfolds across the 40s, and it ends when menopause is confirmed - 12 consecutive months without a period. Symptoms are treatable, and pregnancy is still possible throughout.
What to do
- Name what you are feeling. Irregular periods plus hot flashes or sleep disruption in your 40s is a classic perimenopause picture.
- Treat the symptoms. Lifestyle measures help many; hormone therapy is an option worth discussing for the right candidates.
- Keep using contraception. Ovulation is erratic, not finished - pregnancy remains possible until menopause is confirmed.
- Report abnormal bleeding. Bleeding between periods, very heavy bleeding, or bleeding after 12 quiet months needs a doctor, not an assumption.
Related questions
- How long does menopause last?
- Can I get pregnant during perimenopause?
- What causes hot flashes?
- Why is my period irregular?