Why is my milk supply low?

Most mothers worry about supply at some point, and the NHS is direct about the first fact: most women make enough milk, and the common low-supply signs are misleading. Breasts feeling soft after the early weeks is regulation, not low supply. Cluster feeding - a baby feeding constantly in the evening - is normal behavior that builds supply, not proof of emptiness. Pump output underestimates what a baby extracts. The reliable measures are the baby's end: steady weight gain, at least six wet diapers a day after the first week, regular swallowing at the breast, and a baby reasonably content between at least some feeds. When supply is genuinely low, the drivers are usually mechanical: infrequent or short feeds - supply is made by demand, so more effective emptying makes more milk - a shallow latch, long stretches without feeding or pumping, supplementing without pumping to replace the demand, and rarer medical causes like retained placenta, thyroid problems, or previous breast surgery. The fixes follow: feed or pump more often - eight to twelve times in 24 hours early on - check the latch with someone qualified, and power-pump an hour a day for a few days. Get help early rather than waiting: a lactation consultant visit is the highest-yield move, and your provider should check the baby's weight and your side too if supply truly lags. A baby with fewer wet diapers, lethargy, or poor weight gain needs prompt assessment - feeding problems in newborns are not a wait-and-see. Pymander is a free AI doctor, 24/7 by text. Describe your feeds and the baby's diapers, and it can help you read supply honestly.